Moleculin Biotech, Inc. (NASDAQ: MBRX) provided an update on its financial position and the progress of its lead drug candidate, Annamycin, during its quarterly earnings call. CEO Walter Klemp and Dr. John Paul Waymack highlighted the ongoing Phase 3 MIRACLE trial's potential, expressing confidence in the drug's market potential, particularly for treating acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Despite the challenges faced by small biotech companies, Moleculin ended the quarter with $9.4 million in cash, which is expected to last into Q1 2025, and plans to submit a rolling New Drug Application (NDA) by late 2028.
Key Takeaways
- Annamycin has shown a 50% complete remission rate in second-line AML patients, with a median response durability of eight months.
- The Phase 3 MIRACLE trial employs an adaptive design, with aggressive recruitment efforts underway at 60 sites, and 17 additional sites targeted globally.
- Moleculin ended the quarter with $9.4 million in cash, sufficient to fund operations into Q1 2025.
- The company plans to begin treating subjects in the MIRACLE trial in early 2025, with key data readouts expected in mid-2026.
- The estimated total cost to reach key milestones is $15 million, with the trial costing $15 million every three quarters.
- Moleculin aims for a rolling NDA submission by late 2028, focusing on broader applications of Annamycin beyond AML.
Company Outlook
- Moleculin anticipates beginning treatment in the MIRACLE trial in early 2025, with interim data expected to provide critical insights by mid-2026.
- The company is strategically focused on patient recruitment and engagement with trial sites to ensure a robust and timely trial.
- A rolling NDA submission is targeted for late 2028, based on trial results.
Bearish Highlights
- The company acknowledges the risks associated with Phase 3 trials, including the potential for underpowered studies.
- Financial constraints require careful resource allocation, with a partnership being sought for the STS program's pivotal trial.
Bullish Highlights
- CEO Walter Klemp emphasized the high market potential of Annamycin, comparing it favorably against standard treatments like HiDAC.
- Positive feedback from key opinion leaders and investigators suggests strong post-approval interest in Annamycin.
Misses
- No specific misses were discussed during the earnings call.
Q&A Highlights
- The decision against pursuing a Special Protocol Assessment (SPA) was made to avoid delays and maintain flexibility in protocol changes.
- Confidence in meeting trial endpoints was reiterated, with the belief that Annamycin fulfills a significant unmet need in AML treatment.
Moleculin Biotech's leadership remains committed to advancing Annamycin through the clinical trial process, with the goal of addressing a critical need in AML therapy. The company's financial position appears stable, with strategic plans in place to navigate the path to potential drug approval and market entry.
InvestingPro Insights
Moleculin Biotech's (NASDAQ: MBRX) financial position and clinical progress, as discussed in their recent earnings call, can be further contextualized with insights from InvestingPro. The company's market capitalization stands at a modest $7.14 million, reflecting its current developmental stage and the challenges faced by small biotech firms.
InvestingPro data reveals that Moleculin's price-to-book ratio is 0.95, suggesting that the stock is trading slightly below its book value. This could indicate that the market is not fully valuing the company's assets, including its promising drug candidate Annamycin.
Two relevant InvestingPro Tips highlight the company's financial situation:
1. Moleculin "holds more cash than debt on its balance sheet," which aligns with the company's reported $9.4 million cash position and their projection of funding operations into Q1 2025.
2. The company is "quickly burning through cash," which is consistent with the ongoing expenses related to the MIRACLE trial and the estimated $15 million cost every three quarters.
These insights underscore the importance of Moleculin's strategic financial management as they progress through clinical trials. The company's ability to maintain a strong cash position while advancing their lead drug candidate will be crucial for reaching their targeted milestones, including the planned rolling NDA submission by late 2028.
For investors interested in a deeper analysis, InvestingPro offers 11 additional tips for Moleculin Biotech, providing a more comprehensive view of the company's financial health and market position.
Full transcript - Moleculin Biotech Inc (NASDAQ:MBRX) Q3 2024:
Operator: Greetings, and welcome to the Moleculin Biotech Quarterly Update Conference Call and Webcast. At this time, all participants are in listen only mode. [Operator Instructions] A question-and-answer session will follow the formal presentation. [Operator Instructions] As a reminder, this conference is being recorded. It's now my pleasure to introduce your host, Jenene Thomas, Investor Relations. Please go ahead, Jenene.
Jenene Thomas: Thank you, Kevin. Good morning and welcome, everyone. At this time I would like to remind our listeners that remarks made during this webcast may state management's intentions, beliefs, expectations or future projections. These are forward looking statements and involve risks and uncertainties. Forward-looking statements on this call are made pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of the Federal Securities Laws and are based on Moleculin’s current expectations and actual results could differ materially. As a result, you should not place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements. Some of the factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from these contemplated by such forward looking statements are discussed in the periodic reports Moleculin files with the Securities and Exchange Commission. These documents are available in the Investors section of the Company's website and on the Securities and Exchange Commission's website. We encourage you to review these documents carefully. Additionally, certain information contained in this webcast relates to or is based on studies, publications, surveys and other data obtained from third party sources and the Company's own estimates and research. While the Company believes these third party sources to be reliable as of the date of this presentation, it does not independently verify and makes no representation as to the adequacy, fairness, accuracy or completeness of that any independent source of verified any information obtained from third party source. Any data discussed regarding clinical trials and progress are considered preliminary and subject to change. This morning joining on our call from Moleculin’s leadership team are Walter Klemp, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer; Dr. John Paul Waymack, Senior Chief Medical (TASE:PMCN) Officer and Jonathan Foster, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer. I would now like to turn the call over to Mr. Klemp. Wally, please proceed.
Walter Klemp: Thanks, Jenene. Well, investors who have been following our presentations are not new to this, but we are resolute in our belief that our current market cap is nowhere close to reflecting the value of a Phase 3 company like Moleculin. Especially in light of how much risk we believe we have removed from the pathway to approval. Ultimately, we believe that just creates more opportunity for investors today. And I'm confident that as our MIRACLE trial unfolds, the magnitude of this opportunity will become more apparent. If you're new to Moleculin and asking why this opportunity even exists, we believe that for nearly a decade now the AML space has been betting on a big payoff from targeted therapies. Excuse me. But the reality is, that these new targeted therapies simply haven't delivered. In fact, they've been a big disappointment. And it's evidenced by the fact that Venetoclax, which is a non-targeted chemotherapy, has created far more value in the last five years than all of the targeted therapies combined in AML. Now, the fact is that anthracyclines continue to be among the most used and most effective cancer therapies available. They're used in 32% of breast cancers, half of all AML patients, 70% of lymphomas, and actually 60% of all childhood cancers. So if you're looking for a true disruptor opportunity, the Annamycin story deserves your attention. What we believe we have is a safer, more effective anthracycline than has ever been possible. And it's enabling clinicians to treat with higher dosages and for a greater number of cycles than what was ever thought feasible. And we aren't just filling an unmet need for more than half of AML patients. We're talking about potential uses far beyond just AML. Now in this presentation, we're focusing just on that latest updates. So if you're new to Moleculin, I urge you to review our online presentations and watch our explanatory videos. With that said, though, just to hit the high spots of the Moleculin opportunity, the key takeaways from this slide are that unlike currently available anthracyclines, Annamycin was designed to be 100% non-cardiotoxic. It avoids cross resistance with the leading AML drugs, which means it has the potential to work when the others fail. And Annamycin is patent protected through 2040, which is a remarkably long remaining patent life for a Phase 3 cancer drug. And in part because targeted therapies have been such a disappointment, we still have almost 60% of the AML population without an acceptable treatment option, there is still an incredible unmet need in AML. So let me now ask our Senior Chief Medical Officer, Dr. Paul Waymack to provide an update on patient data and our startup of the Phase 3 MIRACLE trial. Paul?
John Paul Waymack: Thank you, Wally. Well, as Wally said, there is an incredible unmet need in AML and specifically it is for those patients who either don't respond or quickly relapse after first line induction therapy. As you can see from our most recent Phase 2 data, this is where Annamycin excels. As previously reported, we saw a 50% complete remission rate in these second line patients, which is more than double the performance you would expect from existing therapies. Since our last update, the bone marrow transplants in subjects with a response have increased to four of the nine patients. This is remarkable for second line patients as bone marrow transplants is the key to potentially long term durability as you will see in the next slide. And the durability of these responses just keeps getting better. We're now up to a median of eight months and still climbing. In addition, these responses are considered high quality complete responses by the Hematology community with 78% of them recorded as negative in terms of measurable residual disease. And now with 44% of our responders bridging to a potentially curative bone marrow transplant. Again for second line subjects, we believe that our durability is shaping up as truly a game changer. Of course, it's this remarkable response rate that have led FDA to encouraging us to use an adaptive trial design for a Phase 3 approval trial, as we call it the MIRACLE trial. For those new to this trial, it begins with a Part A, which is designed to establish an optimum dose for Annamycin, and then it expands that dose into additional subjects in Part B. This trial design is responsive to a new FDA initiative called Project Optimus, the purpose of which is to avoid simply defaulting to the maximum tolerated dose and instead seeks a balance between safety, tolerability and efficacy. It's worth clarifying, though, that we don't view this dose optimization process as resulting in any increased risk in approval risk. To the contrary, the FDA actually specified the two doses they would prefer to see compared as the two doses in the MB106 trial that demonstrated both efficacy and safety. And they're leaving it up to us as the sponsor to ultimately choose between the 190 milligram per meter squared and the 230 milligram per meter square dosing regimens. Also, our initial PK analysis, that is pharmacokinetic analysis, showed that there is no correlation between area under the curve or concentration maximum and the change from the 190 to the 230 dosing regimens. Or in layman's term, the increase in dosage doesn't appear to increase the amount of drugs in circulation. And this corroborates our clinical findings to date, as we have seen strong efficacy at both dose levels. So, to be clear, we don't see the optimization process resulting in any increased risk in this trial. In fact, it's just the opposite. To facilitate the dose selection, the data must be unblinded early, which we believe dramatically reduces risk for our investors.
Walter Klemp: Yes, that's absolutely right, Paul. Remember, most Phase 3 approval trials leave investors and prospective big pharma partners in the dark for years until the data can finally be unblinded. Our ability to unblind early because of this adaptive design means we won't have to wonder whether our Phase 3 trial is tracking with endpoint expectations. And by the way, we're still looking at additional ways to improve early visibility in this trial. So stay tuned for additional updates on this. Now, this becomes even more meaningful when you look at the endpoint we need to hit. Look, let's face it, biotech is a high risk business, which is why the potential upside returns can be astronomical. In oncology, it's estimated that only about 40% of Phase -- 45% of Phase 3 trials will succeed. And the vast majority of those that fail do so because of a lack of efficacy. That's why it's so critical for investors to understand just how much we have de risked our Phase 3 trial. The FDA is asking us to compare to one of the few standards of care that is approved for use in second line patients. It's called high dose Ara-C or HiDAC. Now this is great news for us, because the efficacy of HiDAC in this class of patients is well documented and very consistent with a CR rate of around 17% to 18%. That means the performance of AnnAraC, that's what we call the combination of Annamycin plus HiDAC is almost three times greater than HiDAC alone. As a comparison, one of our key opinion leaders in the AML space recently commented that the new drug approvals in AML are justified if the new drug is at least 30% better than the standard of care comparison. Well, by this standard we are over 280% better. But there is likely less risk than even this massive disparity in performance suggests. That's because of how HiDAC was measured in these prior large studies. In the Mirros study you see on the left, patients were allowed two cycles of treatment in order to reach a CR. And in the Classic 1 trial they were allowed even more, up to 120 days of treatment before reaching their endpoint. In contrast, our CRs were accomplished in less than 49 days with just one cycle of treatment. What this means is that, the performance delta between test and control could be even greater than we're predicting. So now let's look at the potential impact this endpoint could have on the timing of approval. And let me caveat, this is not the plan, it's just a look at some potential upside. We had an investor recently challenge us on our trial design. Now, he had a decent understanding of statistics and said, if your performance is expected to be so much better than HiDAC, why do you have 330 patients in the total trial? Shouldn't you be able to achieve statistical significance with closer to 100 patients? The answer is that this is what Big Pharma has asked us to do. In our discussions with prospective partners, we have heard more than once that these players have been burned by buying into a Phase 3 trial only to end up having the trial miss its endpoint because they didn't have sufficient subjects to power the trial because the delta between test and control ended up being closer than management estimated. In essence, small biotech teams facing tight budgets and timelines get lured into overly optimistic assumptions that result in underpowered studies. Big Pharma would much rather buy into a longer, more expensive study that they believe has a higher likelihood of success. And that's what we tried to do here. But what happens if our numbers play out closer to what history suggests? What if at the unblinding of 90 patients, we're really outperforming HiDAC by 280%? Well, under those circumstances, assuming drug safety is also in line with our experience to date, it's very likely that our independent data monitoring committee could conclude that continuation of the control arm of the trial would be considered unethical. And at that point we would likely request a Type A meeting with the FDA to discuss converting Part B of our trial into a smaller single arm study designed to complete the safety analysis and satisfy DEI requirements. Essentially, it could take a year or more off of the approval timeline and virtually eliminate any remaining efficacy related approval risk. Now, in no way are we asking investors to plan on this, but we want to make sure you understand how dramatic the upside could be here. What we are saying is, if you want something to worry about regarding Moleculin it shouldn't be the traditional efficacy risk associated with most Phase 3 trials. Our biggest focus right now needs to be on recruitment, because the pace of recruitment is going to drive our data milestones. We are in a race to open sites and start recruiting patients just as quickly as we can to ensure that we get to the interim data readouts that everybody wants to see. To date, we have 60 sites interested and 17 more sites we're targeting. And you can see by this map that this is happening on a global scale. But Paul and I are committed to ensuring these sites are engaged and productive. To that end, we are actively physically visiting any of these sites that we think could be big producers to make sure their facilities and systems are up to the task and that the principal investigators understand the science and the protocol and are truly bought into the importance of this trial. It takes a lot of effort to meet face to face with every one of these investigators, but we believe it will pay off in terms of [Multiple Speakers] the data readouts.
John Paul Waymack: Wally. Hold on. I know you're going to skip this part, but I'm sorry to interrupt. Look, I got to point out to everybody on this call what you and Paul did the last few weeks. I know you weren't going to do it, but look, they believe in Annamycin so much, they went into a country at war and another where they were experiencing riots. War and riots. Ukraine and Georgia. Wally and Paul spent two nights in a bomb shelter in Kiev just to be able to meet the investigators face to face. They went from there to Tbilisi right in the middle of the rioting in the streets, I think over the contested presidential election. But I asked the analysts and the people on this line, how many senior management teams do you know that would do this all at their own personal risk to ensure the success of a cancer drug? Think about it. Sorry, Wally.
Walter Klemp: Thanks, John. Well, the fact is, my wife wasn't very happy about it. And look, maybe it was a little extreme, but as you said, John, we believe deeply in Annamycin and we are all committed to doing what has to be done to get this drug approved. This is a fight worth winning, and we believe we're going to win. Now, we've been focusing 100% on AML today, but we should never forget that Annamycin has potential applications far beyond AML. In fact, the growth potential is probably in the range of 20 times that which would come just from AML. And successful drugs in the AML space are often valued in the billions. So, Jon, let's go back to you and ask you to wrap things up here with the review of the financial situation.
Jonathan Foster: Sure, Wally. We ended the quarter with $9.4 million in cash on hand. Enough to reach into Q1 of 2025 using our fully diluted shares outstanding, which includes the pre funded warrants. Our market cap is roughly $15.9 million. Our stock has about 40,000 shares traded on average each day. So I think if we ought to go back to the MIRACLE chart where we have some key inflection points coming. And as Wally said, we're looking to add more. [indiscernible] chart. Let's discuss the key milestones in our plan. First of all, look for more information on contracting and recruitment of sites later this year. And then the first subject treated in MIRACLEs should occur in the first quarter of 2025. Then we'll have a look at the overall CR rate and recruitment update in the second half of 2025. This should allow us to interpret the CR rate on possible assess of that trial, north of 20%, 25%, given the historical CR rate of HiDAC as Wally mentioned, should indicate the efficacy of Annamycin as it worked. It'll take us approximately $15 million to get to this point. Then the big data readout in mid-2026, interim primary efficacy and safety data on the first 75 to 90 patients. That readout, in my opinion, will really show people the possibility and the risk associated with the success of the trial. This should -- I'm sorry, mid-2026 is the interim data readout. And then that cascades into a lot of action as we finish Part B and we start enrollment of MIRACLE2 for third line subjects. And then in 2028 we have the primary efficacy data point for second line subjects. And having that final primary efficacy data for those second line subjects will allow us in the second half of 2028 to begin submission of a rolling NDA for the treatment of relapse refractory for accelerated approval on the primary endpoint of CR from this MIRACLE trial. So to conclude, as Wally has already described, the MIRACLE trial is unlike any other Phase 3 trial that I know of. It is substantially de risked and provides many informative key data points along the way. And we're looking to improve that visibility, as Wally mentioned. Wally?
Walter Klemp: Yes. Thanks, John. Before we conclude, let's see if we can address questions from the analyst community. Jenene?
Jenene Thomas: Great. Kevin, can you please open up for Q&A?
Operator: Certainly. We'll now be conducting a question-and-answer session. [Operator Instructions] Our first question today is coming from Jonathan Aschoff form Roth. Your line is now live.
Jonathan Aschoff: Thank you. Good morning, guys. And I have four questions for you. The first is, you last reported a median OS of greater than or equal to six months in 10 second line patients. But I don't see an updated number there. Is there any update to that median OS currently?
Walter Klemp: Yes. So Paul, do you want to just re summarize what's in the [swimmers] (ph) chart? Because we've made a lot of progress since that last report.
John Paul Waymack: Our overall median survival now is over seven months in this population, which again, is far greater by almost a factor of two than what the literature would suggest -- would predict.
Jonathan Aschoff: Yes, it's a highly conservative trial. I think given what you have to hurdle. I think it's well designed, the MIRACLE trial. Anyway, so why was MIRACLE enrollment bumped? And maybe you've explained this before in a different form, from 40 to 45 for the first look you said 75 before but now you're saying 90. Like the 10-Q says 90. The PR says 75 to 90. And then I had in a prior note that after that when you determine the optimal dose, I had 120 and 120 is now 240 to be enrolled. And I'm just kind of curious, what specifically led to that increase at all three of those looks?
John Paul Waymack: Yes, there's -- I think there's several factors at work here. Let me start backwards and say that the issue about 120 versus 240 I think has to do with the specific paragraph descriptions. It's always been 120 per treatment arm. But we're always afraid that people will read that as 120 in total. So we tended to default to describing it as 240. So we haven't increased, we haven't doubled the size of the trial. We've just made sure that people aren't being misled. Between 120 per treatment arm and 240 in total for Part B. So that's, that's what's going on there. As it relates to the number in Part A, it has been moving around and part of what's been moving it around is optimizing statistics. One of the things that -- I mean the reality is, in order to -- I mean, you know this Jonathan, global clinical trials like this are extremely complex. When you got 60 to 90 treatment sites and on six different continents, it gets complicated fast. And so you can get buried in all the startup requirements, because every one of those hospitals has to have a contract negotiated. There's ethics review boards. It gets -- there's a lot of lead time. And so none of those processes can happen until you have -- until you put a stake in the ground and say, here's our protocol. Well, the biostatistics analysis goes on and on and on for a long time because there's a lot of refinement in what if analysis. But we didn't want to wait for all of that what if analysis in order to get started -- to get the contracting and ethics reviews started. And so, we put a stake in the ground and said this is good enough for now, but we'll continue to refine the actual numbers of the trial as we get closer to the starting line. And that work is still ongoing. So we could have some minor tweaks as this gets closer to the start. But if anything, right now, and we kind of embedded this in the presentation, we're expecting that if anything, we may have some opportunities for even earlier visibility than is currently expected. So just stay tuned as we get that completely refined.
Jonathan Aschoff: Yes, it's definitely wise to do everything you can to not swing and miss at that accelerated approval opportunity. Absolutely. A lot of lead time. More than waiting for 240. The last one, I mean the third one is a little nitpicky. Is the 3Q 2024 R&D, is that a new run rate or does that include a lumpy slug of Annamycin production?
Walter Klemp: I'm going to let [Multiple Speakers]
John Paul Waymack: Yes. Sorry to jump in there, but -- yes, that was a slug of Annamycin production as well as some sponsored research really accelerated at MD Anderson. We've had some additional programs going on there, so we accelerated some sponsored research there as well.
Jonathan Aschoff: Okay. And John, again, what is the number of shares from prepaid warrants that's not in your 3 million November 1st share count? I was kind of curious --
John Paul Waymack: Roughly 2 million.
Jonathan Aschoff: Roughly 2 million. Okay. And then the last part of that is why is that 3 million November 1st count so much lower than the average weighted for the third quarter of 3.7 million?
John Paul Waymack: Well, because the warrants that we issued in August as part of the August deal are now above water. And so they now -- now the warrants count in the fully diluted basis.
Jonathan Aschoff: Okay, that's all. Thank you, guys.
Walter Klemp: Thank you, Jonathan. Take care.
Operator: Thank you. [Operator Instructions] Our next question is coming from Jason McCarthy from Maxim Group. Your line is now live.
Jason McCarthy: Hi, guys. Thanks for taking the questions and congrats on the progress.
Walter Klemp: Hey, thanks, Jason.
Jason McCarthy: Yes, I was just wondering, how much do you expect the Phase 3 to cost?
Walter Klemp: John, you want to tackle that?
John Paul Waymack: I was afraid you're going to do that. Well, as Wally mentioned -- as Wally mentioned, even going into the recruitment -- the number of sites you need for recruitment, you really have to start off with the plan and keep refining it. As you saw on the chart, one of the key things into the cost of the trial is where are we performing the trial? Per patient costs in the US are 10 times or more greater per patient, which you have to pay the institution than what you have in Eastern and Western Europe. I mean, Western Asia. Eastern Europe, Western Asia. I would say a good run rate is essentially, what I said -- as stated earlier, you're talking about $15 million per about every three quarters. You have some lumps in there for Annamycin production. And so you just take that to 2028. But if we're able to shorten it, as Wally mentioned, that would have a huge impact. So we're refining those numbers as we refine the sites and what areas we're going to. You'll note we do have [Sofria] (ph) on that map, but really not participating in a lot of sites in the Pacific Rim really helps the budget from a standpoint of having CRAs in that area and drug inventory in that area as well. So more visibility as we move forward.
Jason McCarthy: Got it. And then just as far as the STS program, so that's likely final data in first half 2025, moving to a pivotal after. But is this something you guys would look forward to do in your own or seek a partner?
John Paul Waymack: So we've really committed to the notion that we would like to find a partner for that project. Obviously there's enough cost associated with the MIRACLE trial that -- that's where our focus needs to be in terms of our internal resources. So we basically said, look, any other major undertakings like an STS pivotal trial, we're going to want to work with an outside funding source, maybe in that case an investigator sponsored trial, that kind of thing.
Jason McCarthy: Okay, got it. Thanks for taking the questions.
John Paul Waymack: You bet.
Operator: Thank you. Next (LON:NXT) question is coming from Vernon Bernardino from H.C. Wainwright. Your line is now live.
Vernon Bernardino: Good morning. Wally and John, thanks for taking my question. Just [Multiple Speakers] Hi. You've never mentioned this before, but I was wondering if you have pursued or perhaps intend to pursue discussion with the FDA on a special protocol assessment for the MIRACLE trial?
Walter Klemp: So we've had a number of discussions about that, but let me hand this over to Paul to talk about our present thinking about special protocol assessments.
John Paul Waymack: Thanks for the question. Very insightful. And when we went to the end of Phase 1/2 meeting with FDA, we broached the subject of should we submit a protocol for special protocol assessment? And they advised not to do that. It was a very amicable meeting, and they advised not to do it because it takes time. You have to create the protocol, submit it, there's a review period, discussion period. It adds many months. And they said they would be more than happy to review it, but they recommended not doing it because at the end of the meeting, we were all in agreement. There were no contentious issues. So the thought was, why delay things for many months when we're in full agreement?
Vernon Bernardino: I see. So that's very positive.
Walter Klemp: There's also a factor, Vernon, and you've probably run into this before, but it tends to tie your hands a little bit, because what -- in order for an SPA to be worth anything, to have any real intrinsic value there, you cannot deviate from the strict confines of the protocol that's agreed to in that letter. And so the point Paul was really making was, there's a lot of additional delay and lead time to get to that, and then your hands are kind of tied because essentially, anything you want to change in the future negates that SPA, and it's like starting over again. So there are circumstances where an SPA is probably in the very best interest of the company to protect themselves. But like Paul said, we sort of feel like we've got the FDA on our side here in terms of the trial design and how to get to approval. And so it just -- it just did not appear to be worth both the lead time and then the risk that if you want to tweak the protocol along the way, you've got a problem.
Vernon Bernardino: Okay, thank you. I appreciate the additional insight into the Phase 3 trial design process.
Walter Klemp: You bet. Jenene, are there questions?
Operator: Thank you. We've reached the end of our question-and-answer session. I'd like to turn the floor back over for any further closing comments.
Walter Klemp: Well, I appreciate everybody making time for an update on Moleculin. I'd just like to leave you with this. AML drugs that are close to approval have consistently been valued in the billions of dollars. And we believe the only rational reasons to be bearish about an asset like Annamycin that's in Phase 3 are that: A, you doubt the ability to hit the end point; B, you doubt the likelihood of approval if that endpoint is hit; or C, you doubt the marketability of the drug once it's approved. Well, we've shown you the data that explains why we believe with a very high degree of confidence that we will hit the endpoint of this trial. And we've explained that this is the endpoint that the FDA has requested for approval. And we have KOLs on record saying that just a fraction of our expected performance should be sufficient for approval. And finally, I can tell you without reservation that every single investigator we've met with, and we're now well into the dozens, has agreed that Annamycin has the potential to fill a desperate unmet need for AML patients. And to be clear, they've all said they would expect to use it extensively in their practice. We simply need to execute on our strategy, and that's exactly what we're doing. I can't wait for the next update. In the meantime, have a great week.
Operator: Thank you. That does conclude today's teleconference and webcast. You may disconnect your line at this time, and have a wonderful day. We thank you for your participation today.
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