* Alliance merger plans off the table - sources
* Companies expected to outline new approach on May 27
* Nissan, Renault also due to unveil restructuring plans
By Norihiko Shirouzu
May 26 (Reuters) - Renault RENA.PA and Nissan 7201.T
have shelved plans to push towards the full merger former leader
Carlos Ghosn craved and will instead fix their troubled alliance
to try to recover from the coronavirus pandemic, five senior
sources told Reuters.
Nissan has long resisted Renault's proposals for a
full-blown merger as executives felt the French carmaker was not
paying its fair share for the engineering work it did in Japan,
sowing discord that some feared could wreck the partnership.
Now, with carmakers around the world reeling from the
pandemic, the partners are planning to overhaul an alliance that
largely failed to convert its global scale into a competitive
advantage beyond the joint procurement of parts.
Both struggling carmakers are set to announce mid-term
restructuring plans this week that will serve as a peace treaty
designed to resolve the long-standing tensions, the five people
familiar with the overhaul told Reuters.
"After the rain, the earth hardens," said one senior Nissan
source, citing a popular Japanese proverb that means
relationships become stronger after a period of strife.
All five sources within the alliance, which also includes
Mitsubishi Motors Corp 7211.T , declined to be named because
they are not authorised to speak with media.
Nissan and Renault are each planning substantial
restructuring and cost cuts that could affect tens of thousands
of jobs, with the Japanese company to announce its measures on
May 28 and its French partner likely to follow the next day.
Before that, Mitsubishi, Nissan and Renault are holding a
joint news conference on May 27 during which they are expected
to outline the philosophy behind their new "leader-follower"
approach to the alliance. The sources said the companies were unlikely to disclose
many details at the events this week of how the new approach
will be used to share costs as the companies were still working
on specific projects.
However, the crisis at both carmakers has accelerated
efforts to resolve the disagreements that have stymied
collaboration and cost-sharing in technology and product
development for five years, the sources said.
Mitsubishi, Nissan and Renault all declined to comment
officially about alliance plans.
'LEADER-FOLLOWER'
The alliance has steadily ramped up output over the years,
delivering over 10 million vehicles for the first time in 2017,
the first full year after Mitsubishi joined the partnership.
But persistent quibbles over sharing the costs of innovation
and new vehicle development soured relations and stalled plans
to forge an even tighter alliance.
Nissan executives believe their engineers are substantially
more productive than their Renault colleagues and the way the
French carmaker proposed to combine technology and product
development did not properly account for Nissan's intellectual
property, three of the sources said.
"Nissan engineers on average produced 40% more than their
Renault counterparts in a given amount of time spent on a job,"
one insider told Reuters in January.
After his arrest in 2018 in Tokyo on charges of financial
misconduct, former alliance head Ghosn said his detention was
part of a plot by Nissan executives to bring him down and block
any merger. Earlier this year, relations looked strained to a point
where the 21-year alliance was at risk of collapse. However, the turnaround plans due are now likely to be
combined to forge what the sources described as a more equitable
way of sharing technology and resources, while preserving the
distinctiveness of the alliance brands.
Nissan Chief Operating Officer Ashwani Gupta and Renault
Chairman Jean-Dominique Senard are both key advocates of the new
approach that they're calling a "leader-follower" system, the
sources told Reuters.
The plan is for one company to lead the development of a
type of vehicle or technology with the other following, taking a
page out of the play-book Gupta used to revive Renault's
commercial vehicle business, as well as reinvigorate Nissan's.
When he was in charge of the French business, Nissan used
Renault's vehicle architectures as the building blocks for its
city delivery vans while Nissan in turn provided the Renault
group with technology for pickup trucks.
OFF THE TABLE
A test of the new approach could come in a several places
around the world, such as how Renault and Nissan work together
in Europe and perhaps South America, as well as how Nissan and
Mitsubishi cooperate in Southeast Asia and Japan.
Under the new working relationship, Nissan could take the
lead in Europe on crossover sport-utility vehicles (SUVs), while
operating as a "follower" in commercial vans and small city
cars, using versions produced by Renault, the sources said.
Nissan's factory in Sunderland in the United Kingdom is of
particular importance, they said.
Renault and Nissan are planning to turn the assembly plant
into a hub for sport utility vehicles such as Nissan's Qashqai
and Juke, and potentially their Renault counterparts, the Kadjar
and Captur. The companies are working on the plans, though it's
not clear when a final decision will be made, the sources said.
Whether Renault vehicles could be built profitably at the
plant is unclear, given the uncertainty over tariffs as Britain
leaves the European Union, according to one of the sources.
"It should be a pure economic transaction, but it's also
likely a political decision, too," he said.
In the Philippines, Mitsubishi will likely help make cars
for Nissan as it already has a plant there while the two will
beef up cooperation in Japan's micro mini car business, which
makes up about half the country's passenger car market.
The latest effort to salvage the Renault-Nissan alliance
comes at a time of rising global economic nationalism and
protectionism that represent a risk to the partnership.
But for now, the new approach means the two companies will
sideline any discussion of a complete merger, the sources said.
Renault owns a 43.4% controlling stake in Nissan, which owns
non-voting 15% stake in the French carmaker.
"Will merger talk be revived in the future? No one knows.
Everybody has to be prepared for that. But as far as I know,
it's not being pursued anymore," said one of the senior alliance
sources. "It is totally out of our sight today."